Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression between Early Maturation Mutant ‘Beni Shogun’ and ‘Fuji’ Cultivars during Fruit Development and Ripening

We aimed to compare the maturation and ripening characteristics of two apple cultivars, early mutant ‘Beni Shogun’ ‘Fuji’. The study revealed that both cultivars reached full bloom on same day, but matured earlier than In addition, differences were observed in fruit size, length, width, sweetness, acidity, ethylene production levels. also examined expression patterns genes involved biosynthesis signal transduction, as well those auxin transduction transcriptional regulation, investigate putative molecular mechanism behind distinct development, maturation, ripening. MdACO1 gene showed a sharp increase after date, whereas MdACO7 was higher middle stages development. clustering analysis provided insights into correlation between phenotypic traits levels key genes. They categorized three clusters, third cluster consisted six phenotypes, including starch content, production, one MdACO1. These findings suggest ‘Fuji’ have development behaviors, with maturing